Maive Rute teesid
Maive Rute: Majanduse elavdamise kava, näiteid liikmesriikidest
19.03.2009
1. Euroopa majanduse elavdamise kava
- 200 miljardit eurot: (liikmesriigid) 1,2% + (EU) 0,3 % GDP
- Fiskaalstiimulid + majandusreformid
2. Liikmesriigid: 500 meedet
- 60% investeeringute, tööstusharude, ettevõtluse toetamine;
- 40% tööjõuturu hea funktsioneerimise toetus; elanike ostujõu toetamine.
Investeeringute osas:
a) infrastruktuuri projektid
b) energiatõhusus (avaliku sektori hooned, Austria)
c) teadus-uurimistegevus + innovatsioon
(Eesti mahajäämus SMEdest 16%; energiasäästu meetmed vaid 16%-l, Euroopas 29%)
Tööstuse ja ettevõtluse toetamine:
- panganduse likviidsuse tagamine
- toetused autotööstusele
- laenugarantiid
- ekspordikindlustusmahud
(Tšehhi, Austria, Portugal, Soome, Holland jt suurendavad oma ekspordikindlustust)
Tööjõuturu ja ostujõu meetmed:
- Ajutine tööaja vähendamine
- Tööjõuga seotud maksude alandamine
(nt Prantsusmaal 2009. a väikefirmadel, mis loovad uusi töökohti madalam maks;
Sakslastel 2500 eurot 9.a vanuste auto vahetamiseks, nõudlus kasvas 22%)
3. Euroopa Ülemkogu 19-20. märts ja tööhõive tippkohtumine 7. mail Prahas
4. EL poolt:
- riigiabi uued reeglid / kiirmenetlus
- struktuurivahendid kiirendatud korras
- koordineeritud majandusreformid
- 5 miljardit investeeringuid:
lairiba internetiühenduse arendamine
energia julgeolek ja energiavarustuse meetmed
(Estlink 2, gaasiühendused, 270 mio eurot)
5. Soome kriisi kogemus 1990-ndatel:
- GDP (rahvuslik koguprodukt) 3a jooksul langes 13%
- Töötus 4%-lt 20%-le
- Aktsiate hinnad kukkusid 2/3
- Pangad vähendasid laenude kättesaadavust 25%
Soome lahendus:
a) avaliku sektori põhjalik reform, valitsustasandite vähendamine, protseduuride optimeerimine, riiklike firmade loomine kasumi saamise ülesandega. 1991-1995 kokkuhoid hinnanguliselt 6,5% GDP-st
b) pangandussektori päästmine ja kaasajastamine. Algne kulu 8% GDP-st, 18a hiljem ~ 3% GDPst (Rootsis ca 1,5% GDPst)
c) majanduse avamine, soodsa maksusüsteemi kehtestamine (telekomi turu liberaliseerimine)
d) NB! Pikaajalise majanduspoliitika eesmärkide seadmine – Riiklik innovatsioonisüsteem;
hariduse, teaduse ja innovatsiooni eelisarendamine, investeerimine ka kriisi ajal;
Edu-faktor – laiapõhjaline ühiskondlik kokkulepe
6. Eestile
- Majanduse kiirest kasvust tekkinud probleemid (jooksevkonto defitsiit, palkade kiirem kasv võrreldes tootlikkusega, kinnisvarasektori ülekuumenemine, inflatsioon) vähenevad;
- riiklike ja EL ressursside tark ja efektiivne kasutamine:
a) innovatsiooni
b) ekspordivõimekuse
c) töötajate ümberõppe / oskuste tõstmisse.
Oht administratiivse võimekuse liigses kärpimises, tagasilöök struktuurivahendite kasutamises ja EL poliitikates osalemises.
Sotsiaalfondi vahenditest 2% jõudnud makseni.
(2007-2013 a. Eestile eraldatud 391 miljardit eurot)
Läänemere strateegia – Eesti osalus?
- ettevõtluse edendamine
Eestis 28, aga EL 40 ettevõtet 1000 elaniku kohta
Neist 1/3 naisettevõtjad
Teadmistepõhine majandus on inimestel, ettevõtjatel ja nende ideedel põhinev majandus.
Leonard Orbani kõne
Leonard Orban
European Commissioner for Multilingualism
"Multilingualism - challenges and opportunities of the world economy"
Conference on the economic challenges "Human face and the economic crisis" - Tallinn, 19 March 2009
Ladies and gentlemen,
Thank you for the invitation to this very timely conference on how Europe can help to deal with the economic crisis.
In these difficult days, dialogue and openness are not just windowdressing. It is vital to exchange views and build a partnership approach. By standing together, we can solve this crisis faster and better.
In fact, the speed and depth of the crisis goes to show how interconnected our world is. As the crisis has unfolded, the importance of the EU dimension has become increasingly clear. The single market has provided the bedrock of EU economic growth for the past 15 years, creating millions of jobs, making Europe more competitive and more efficient.
It has shaped an interdependence like no other. All Member States trade more with each other than with the rest of the world. The best way to boost the economy is to work with the grain of this interdependence.
We must step up our partnership. So that we out come of this crisis together, in a way that protects all the people of the Union.
Such cooperation is the essential logic of the European Economic Recovery Plan adopted by European leaders at the European Council in December. The Recovery Plan aims to boost demand, restore confidence and break the downward spiral. It calls for an ambitious, co-ordinated fiscal stimulus, adapted to the needs of each country, linked to an acceleration of structural reforms.
The Plan is starting to have an effect. Fiscal injections are providing support across Europe. This stimulus must go hand-in-hand with speeding up reforms in order to meet the structural challenges. If we can continue to push forward reforms, especially the difficult ones, we can emerge stronger from this crisis. We must keep an eye on the longer-term – greening the economy; developing innovative and creative societies, Above all else – and I will come back to this point later – we should be doing all we can to give people the tools they need to cope, especially by continuing to invest in their skills.
The Recovery Plan alone will not solve all the problems that led to the crisis. We must work with equal urgency to repair the financial system – to put in place transparency and supervisory mechanisms that can instil genuine confidence. And we need co-ordinated action to get credit flowing again.
The Commission's recommendations for tackling these issues - in our Communication of 4 March "Driving European recovery" - are being discussed by European leaders at their Summit today and tomorrow. And next month the Commission will come forward with new ideas on hedge funds, on private equity and executive pay.
We now have in front of us the recommendations from the "High Level Group on Financial Supervision" chaired by Jacques de Larosière. It is critical that we act on these so that we can deliver stronger, coordinated financial supervision.
The situation in Estonia is certainly severe. The Commission welcomes the steps you have already taken - very difficult decisions to rein in spending, put public finances on a sound footing, and help deliver macro-economic stability.
Given Estonia's tight fiscal position, it is right to give priority to reforms that maximise the return on investment. Reforms like the ones you have taken to push through the modernisation of labour law. Reforms to ensure R&D results are translated into innovative services or products. Reforms to enforce competition rules. These are the areas the Commission and the Council asked Estonia to focus on to meet the Lisbon goals of growth and jobs.
No country has to go it alone. Responsibility is shared. The Commission will report to the June European Council on how every Member State is contributing to the Recovery Plan.
All Member States need to turn this crisis into an opportunity. Estonia should come out of this situation stronger, with a knowledge-based economy, delivering higher productivity and greener jobs. This calls for more effective research and innovation. It requires better education and training opportunities for all. To overcome challenges, every country should play to their strengths – and in Estonia's case, that certainly includes your high level of language skills.
On this note, let me turn to the policy that comes under my portfolio – using Europe's linguistic diversity and language skills for a triple purpose that I defined in the new strategy for multilingualism I issued last September.
A strong policy for multilingualism can support Europe during this crisis. It can help to raise citizens' skills and improve Europe's competitiveness. Multilingualism can build bridges between people that reinforce solidarity and social cohesion in a Europe founded on 'Unity in diversity'.
Today I will concentrate on how languages can help open doors to better jobs, economic growth and better access to international markets.
The EU Employment Summit in May will focus on jobs and skills during the crisis. It is imperative that we continue to invest in education and training. To equip people with skills to survive today's difficulties, and to thrive once we leave the crisis behind.
As the knowledge society develops, the nature of work changes. We are moving from a 'job-for-life' perspective to one where people will change job, and even career, several times. We have to prepare people for jobs that in themselves are changing. People don't just need technical skills – increasingly, employers are looking for a range of cross-cutting skills that especially focus on communication and language skills.
Every young person in Europe needs to be equipped with language skills when entering the labour market. We need choice and opportunities to learn languages, starting with our education systems and fanning out into lifelong language learning.
We must resist any short-term reflex that seeks to divert resources away from long-term priorities such as education. We must invest in language skills, in high-quality training of language teachers, backed up with modern teaching materials, methods and syllabi.
In higher education, we should be offering students and professors more opportunities to study abroad; all university students should have the chance to learn languages, either formally or non-formally; and we should cultivate stronger links between universities and business organisations to help fine-tune language and intercultural skills to business needs.
Languages are not only an investment in our children's future. They matter more, and more quickly, than you might think.
We have startling research that underlines this point. A study on business and languages we commissioned shows that around one in ten small enterprises in Europe are losing out on business because of a lack of language skills. Small businesses provide about two-thirds of total employment in Europe. So even a marginal rise in exports would have a huge impact on growth and jobs across the EU, including Estonia.
I instituted an expert Business forum for multilingualism to explore this issue further. Their report bears out the added value of languages for European companies. It underlines that we need a better partnership between business and business organisations, local and regional authorities, and education and training institutions to develop and share flexible, targeted language resources.
The report makes clear that English alone will not be enough. From a jobs point of view, as more people master English, the second or third language can make the difference for employers. And while, English is still the "lingua franca" for international business, demand for other languages is growing. Businesses are trading across Europe and with non-European markets. As we all know: with English you can buy anything in the world. But if you want to sell, you had better learn your client's language…
The report also makes the link between languages and integration. All too often, these links are overlooked on the European labour market.
And yet, lack of language skills is the most usual reason people give for not wanting to try job opportunities in other countries. The report also identifies how information technology can overcome language barriers – the potential of web-based translation applications, for example; or the growing opportunities for good multilingual communication via Internet, something even micro-companies should be able to use for their advantage.
And how does Estonia fare in all this?
Pretty well, in fact – Estonians come about 7th place for language skills in the EU, after some essentially bilingual countries such as Belgium, Luxembourg and Malta. You have brought in reforms in favour of foreign languages, introducing language learning at a very early stage.
However, figures for all languages other than English are dropping. Estonia's EU membership could be a springboard for other languages that boost skills and competitiveness. For the Baltic States, obviously, Russian is an important language in this context, and also the languages of other states of the Baltic Region.
With one-third of the population of ethnic origin other than Estonian, languages play a key role in integration within the country. Your national immersion programme is an excellent approach to integrating speakers of other languages within Estonian society while maintaining their cultural identity.
Estonia is also helping to improve language learning across Europe, by sharing ideas and good practices in other European countries, in language networks funded by our Lifelong Learning Programme.
As a next step, I intend to launch platforms for exchanging ideas on languages with civil society and business stakeholders, and I look forward to seeing Estonia at the table, helping to create a multilingual Europe.
Conclusion
I am not suggesting, of course, that better language learning can solve the economic crisis. But I am saying that it must be part of our response, encouraging Europeans to seize opportunities and be ready for the upturn.
We must summon up and act on European added-value across the board, in every policy area. A concerted effort on one front can bear fruit on another, in our interconnected world. So let me finish by underlining the value of the partnership approach you have demonstrated today.
We all need each other. Europe's strength is in solidarity, cohesion, coordination. Let us continue to stand together, united in diversity, as we work for recovery over the coming months.
Thank you.
Majanduse ümarlaud 19.03.2009
Eesti Koostöö Kogu ja Euroopa Komisjoni Esindus Eestis korraldasid neljapäeval, 19. märtsil 2009. a. hotelli Nordic Hotel Forum (Tallinn, Viru väljak 3) saalis "Sirius" ümarlaua
"Majanduskriis ja inimene"
Kava:
09.30 – 10.00 Hommikukohv, registreerimine
10.00 – 10.15 Seminari avamine:
- Raivo Vare - Eesti Koostöö Kogu, nõukogu aseesimees
- Toivo Klaar - Euroopa Komisjoni Esindus Eestis, esinduse juht
10.15 - 10.30 Maailmamajanduse väljakutsed ja võimalused
- Leonard Orban - Euroopa Komisjon, volinik
10.30 - 10.55 Majanduse elavdamisest, näiteid liikmesriikidest
- Maive Rute - Euroopa Komisjon, Ettevõtluse ja Tööstuse Peadirektoraat,
väike- ja keskettevõtluspoliitika direktor
10.55 – 11.20 Eurole üleminek – vahend või eesmärk? Milleks eestlasele Euro?
- Zsolt Darvas – Bruegel (Euroopa juhtiv mõttekoda, Brüssel), juhtiv teadur
11.20 – 11.40 Kas halval ajal on mõju rahva tervisele?
- Maris Jesse – Tervise Arengu Instituut, direktor
11.40 – 12.00 Inimese huvid ja tööandja eesmärgid: kas ühisosa on võimalik ja vajalik?
Majanduslangus nõuab seniste suhtumiste muutmist
- Milvi Tepp - Tallinna Tehnikaülikool, Organisatsiooni ja juhtimise õppetooli juhataja, professor
12.00 – 12.30 Kohvipaus
12.30 – 14.00 Diskussioon: usalduse ehitamine
- Raivo Vare - Eesti Koostöö Kogu, nõukogu aseesimees
- Maive Rute - Euroopa Komisjon, väike- ja keskettevõtluspoliitika direktor
- Maris Jesse – Tervise Arengu Instituut, direktor
- Olger Tali - Eesti Noorteühenduste Liit, juhatuse esimees
- Milvi Tepp - Tallinna Tehnikaülikool, õppetooli juhataja, professor
Vaatlejad: - Zsolt Darvas – Bruegel (Euroopa juhtiv mõttekoda, Brüssel), juhtiv teadur
- Erik Terk – Eesti Tuleviku-uuringute Instituut, direktor
Moderaator: Indrek Treufeldt - Eesti Rahvusringhääling, juhatuse nõunik
14.00 Lõuna, pressibriifing
Kutse majanduse ümarlauale 2009
Head koostööpartnerid!
Euroopa Komisjon avalikustab 16. detsembril 2008 oma soovitused, kuidas Eesti võiks majanduslangusest välja tulla. Samal päeval kutsume Teid selle raportiga tutvuma.
Avaldatav raport pakub lisaks iga-aastasele hinnangule Eesti arengu kohta ka lühiperioodilisi soovitusi Eestile majanduskriisist väljatulemiseks. Eesti Koostöö Kogu ja Euroopa Komisjoni Eesti Esindus tutvustavad samal päeval esimest sissevaadet avaldatavasse raportisse ja konkreetselt Eestile antavatesse soovitustesse. Ühtlasi algatame diskussiooni Euroopa Komisjoni ja valitsusväliste organisatsioonide vahel Eesti majandusruumi ees olevate väljakutsete üle. Tegemist on temaatikaga, mis puudutab kogu riigi elanikkonda väga otseselt läbi majandusliku heaolu, tööjõupoliitika, hariduse jne.
Euroopa Liidu Lissaboni protsess kulgeb kolmeaastases faasis. Vastuseks Euroopa Komisjoni soovitustele peavad riigid igal aastal aru andma edasiminekust reformide teostamisel ning valmistama ette kavad järgmiseks kolmeks aastaks. Käesoleval aastal toimus aga oluline muudatus eelnimetatud protsessis - otsustati asendada tavapärane üks raport kahega. 26. novembril 2008 avaldati horisontaalne kava sellest, kuidas Euroopa tervikuna peaks vastama alanud majanduskriisile, kasutades majanduspoliitikat ja struktuurseid reforme.
16. detsembril 2008 toimuvas ümarlauas tutvustab Euroopa Komisjoni Ettevõtluse ja Tööstuse peadirektoraadi väike- ja keskettevõtluspoliitika direktor Maive Rute teist raportit, mis keskendub konkreetselt Eestile. Ümarlauas esitavad ettekandeid ja diskuteerivad Eesti juhtivad poliitikud ja otsustajad, riigiametnikud ja ajakirjanikud, majandustegelased ning erinevate valitsusväliste organisatsioonide kõneisikud.
Ootame Teid osa võtma ümarlauast „Eesti väljakutsed muutuvas majandusruumis ja Euroopa peegeldus” 16. detsembril 2008 Nordic Hotel Forumis (Tallinn, Viru väljak 3) saalis "Sirius" algusega kell 10.00.
Ümarlauast osavõtu registreerimiseks palume Teid või Teie organisatsiooni esindajat registreeruda veebilehel www.kogu.ee või teatada aadressil info@kogu.ee või telefonil 666 49 72 hiljemalt 12.detsembriks 2008. Ürituse töökeel on eesti keel.
Lugupidamisega,
Korraldustoimkond
